PREGNANCY AND AAD
Category A: studies have failed to show risk to mother / fetus
Category B: chance of fetal harm is remote, but a possibility
Category C: risk cannot be ruled out
Category D and F: Bad. Bad, Bad, Bad.
Here is a nice summary article from the ESC:
https://www.escardio.org/Guidelines-&-Education/Journals-and-publications/ESC-
journals-family/E-journal-of-Cardiology-Practice/Volume-9/Tachyarrhythmias-and-
Pregnancy
To the best of my knowledge, there is no category A AAD.
The class B medications include some Beta-blockers - specifically Pindolol and
Acebutalol. Atenolol is actually a category D (Yikes!!).
The class C medications include metoprolol, diltiazem and verapamil, as well as
digoxin
-Verapamil - although there have no reports of congenital
defects with it, it does crosses the placenta and affects the fetal CV system
-Diltiazem: felt to be "probably safe"
-Digoxin also readily crosses the placent
As for class III AAD, sotalol has been categorized as a Category B.
Of note, Pindolol (Category B) and Metoprolol (Category C) are safe with
lactation.
In addition, there is a nice article by the VA's own Dr. Joglar:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9935279